DNA sequencing involves three main steps: 1) using PCR to amplify DNA fragments, 2) introducing dideoxynucleotides that halt DNA strand elongation, and 3) employing a computer to analyze the …

Sequencing an entire genome (all of an organism’s DNA) remains a complex task. It requires breaking the DNA of the genome into many smaller pieces, sequencing the pieces, and assembling the …

Using PCR, a DNA sequence can be amplified millions or billions of times, producing enough DNA copies to be analyzed using other techniques. For instance, the DNA may be visualized by gel …

In a typical cloning experiment, a target gene is inserted into a circular piece of DNA called a plasmid. The plasmid is introduced into bacteria via a process called transformation, and bacteria carrying the …

All three involve genetic information, and replication is the process of copying a strand of DNA. Transcription is making RNA based on the DNA, and translation is making a protein from the RNA …

PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) is a vital technique in molecular biology, enabling researchers to amplify specific DNA fragments exponentially. Essential for cloning, forensics, and medical …

Transfer of plasmid DNA into bacteria. How bacteria are selected. Protein production and purification.

DNA cloning involves creating identical copies of a specific gene using restriction enzymes to cut the desired gene, pasting it into a plasmid, and inserting it into bacteria like E. coli.

Using electrophoresis, we can see how many different DNA fragments are present in a sample and how large they are relative to one another. We can also determine the absolute size of a piece of DNA by …

Here, the DNA sequence of a gene is "rewritten" in the form of RNA. In eukaryotes like you and me, the RNA is processed (and often has a few bits snipped out of it) to make the final product, called a …